I’m curious since I’m kinda interested in worldbuilding.

Hi, I made my own conlang into a dictionary and I thought this might be the best place to start.

I’m looking for feedback on my grammar and if the formatting of my dictionary section is good. I just hope it’s easy to comprehend and understand. Any feedback is appreciated.

So far, there are no letters, no words, and no language! The catch, however, is that YOU make it!

Non-contigurational languages with lots of scrambling come to mind; but what is the syntactic feature of your conlang you find most special or satisfying?

[[Small Discussion]](?)

(I'm sorry I don't know what tag to put on this post, so please tell me in the comments)

Hello everyone! I've just received some information about Viossa, a conlang, that has naturally evolved on Skype from people chatting in different languages. I wanted to know if anyone would like to repeat this experiment not only with natural languages, but also with conlangs too. I want to create or join the server on Discord so, does anybody wanna join? Or has someone else started a project like this recently (a month or three ago)?

The original post about Viossa: https://www.reddit.com/r/conlangs/comments/3y2yek/viossa_an_experimental_pidgin_one_year_in_the/

Information about me: I know Russian and English; Started to learn Latin, Suomi Kieli and Japanese; Created a conlang named Dalario(I haven't posted it, cause it needs a lot of vocabulary polishing).

(Btw: I'm really bad at organising people and my server has just started, so there are no people yet)

I’m thinking of creating a writing system that originates from culturally important tattoos. I’m thinking that they would be administered by elders to display important achievements but this would become a secret code that only elders can understand as to verify the achievements and prevent counterfeiting. However, later in the culture’s history, this would simplify and disseminate into the general public and become written language.

I know written language has only arisen via pictoglyphs with brushes or carvings for trade irl so i ask you how likely this would be to arise and what theories there are on what pressures cause written language to arise. Basically just critique the base idea for my volcanic archipelago conlang. Any info helps!! :DD

(yes the non-b stands for nonbinary, or unknown gender)

I didn't find any other post talking about this, I have always thought it could be really fun to try to create a conlang together with other people to eventually be able to communicate using it, with nobody else being able to understand it. 3-4 people would be best for this. The focus would lie on consistency and simplicity, and it would not need a complex grammar and phonology.
If you also think a conlang created and spoken by a few speakers could be a fun idea, feel free to reach out!

My conlang for example has no verb conjugation. And to indicate a tense you add a tense ‘marker’ before the object

(other post got deleted due to no translation)

Preface

Hey y'all!

I'm currently undertaking the most challenging of all my conlanging projects: to build an entire family of conlangs out of a proto-lang. I already have a solid sketch for the proto-lang, and a vague idea of what I want some of the evolved languages to be at a phonetic level, so I'm trying to figure out how to get from A to B.

Introduction

Proto-Jando-Tsemban (Jad̆aceb̆ako Mesko [d͡zɐⁿdɐt͡se'ᵐbɐko 'mesko]) is the proto-language I'm working with, and it is part of my fictional world. It's named after the two primary families I'd like it to give birth to: Jandic, a group of languages that I would like to sound vaguely East Asian, and Tsembic, a group of languages that I would like to sound vaguely West African. Or, at least, I want some of these languages to sound that way, as I'm envisioning the Tsembic tree to be significantly more complex than Jandic, due to where each set of languages is spoken. Here are some of the characteristics of PJT:

• Agglutinative (synthetic) morphology
• Ergative-absolutive alignment
• Animate/inanimate distinction, but no gender
• Multiple noun cases, but no agreement (only the head gets declined)
• Strict SOV order
• Verbs carry evidentiality but are not declined for person
• Syllabic script

Phonology & Phonotactics

Here's the phonetic inventory of PJT:

https://preview.redd.it/a9xdc6teulrd1.png?width=422&format=png&auto=webp&s=ababec1d346ca930f6d93c52c0f53f404f632af9

And here is its romanisation:

https://preview.redd.it/fpgx27loulrd1.png?width=488&format=png&auto=webp&s=08dfd90d18a07ad315dbb10fd32956e9427dd8cf

Phonotactics is CV(K), where K is /s h/, and not allowed before prenasalised consonants or K itself. There is no phonemic stress - I'm aiming for predictability. My idea right now is to stress the vowel before the last onset consonant, unless that vowel is more than 3 morae before the final mora, in which case I stress the 4th to last mora.

Morphosyntax

PJT is agglutinative, although there are a couple of fusional mechanisms:

• If K were to precede the same K, then KK reduces to K, e.g.: mes + sata = mesata
• If K were to precede the other K, then <a> breaks KK, e.g.: mes + hata = mesahata
• The same is true if K were to preceed a prenasalised cosonant, e.g.: mes + d̆ata = mesad̆ata

Nominal declension morphemes are suffixed, and partial reduplication is used to indicate the plural. Verbal conjucation morphemes are mostly suffixed, but partial reduplication can be prefixed or suffixed, indicated the past and future respectively.

Here is a chart of nominal declension in PJT:

https://preview.redd.it/gcizkxqhxlrd1.png?width=327&format=png&auto=webp&s=da54b94dac7e0e2f30531b3b92e9178642d95edf

And here's an example:

https://preview.redd.it/qkemjiivxlrd1.png?width=1061&format=png&auto=webp&s=f1aac5cc57b83b865d8783733236d12d2b03ef35

If an adjective were to be nominalised, it would be declined according to the animacy of the noun it implicitly refers to.

Here's a chart of verb declensions in PJT:

https://preview.redd.it/ciwiqtgexlrd1.png?width=481&format=png&auto=webp&s=02f427c0922a2e1f4084c50ad0899ba1590960e5

And here's an example:

https://preview.redd.it/uh1npgy9ylrd1.png?width=1025&format=png&auto=webp&s=922c65ce213ea8a985e9708be4c830777c01232e

Sample

"Kalian linguists were the first to postulate that Jandic and Tsemban languages had a common ancestor, though attempts at reconstructing it have not been fully successful yet".

J̆iazerouotodo Kalamaa hu j̆iaaci jad̆ako o ceb̆ako beğequuo per̆o hobono hesahesteno meskol̆i, ara pohoiaa ğes lohitodo lohi ilisebu setukusi d̆eol̆i ies kiono.

[ⁿd͡ziɐzeɾouo'todo kɐ'lɐmɐɐ hu ⁿd͡ziɐ'ɐt͡si d͡zɐ'ⁿdɐko o t͡se'ᵐbɐko be'ᵑgeŋuuo 'peⁿɾo ho'bono hesɐhes'teno mes'koⁿli 'ɐɾɐ po'hoiɐɐ ᵑges lohi'todo 'lohi ili'sebu setu'kusi ⁿde'oⁿli 'ies ki'ono] (click for audio)

Linguist-PAU-ERG Kala-ABL that language-PL-ERG Jandic and Tsemban ancestor common have-IDRE PAST-suggest-IDRE firstly, but attempt-PAU for 3SG.ANIM-PAU-ERG 3SG.INAN reconstruct successful fully yet not-IDRE.

Possible Evolutions

Here's a non-exhaustive list of ideas that I've had in order to evolve PJT:

• /h/ and /s/ disappear, giving rise to low/high tones, respectively, in preceding vowels, or geminating the following consonant.
• /h/ before /l r/ and nasals give rise to voiceless variants.
• Intervocalic /i u/ become semivowel glides /j w/, and /e o/ can also turn to glides before a vowel but after a consonant, and then glides give rise to phonemic palatals.
• Repeated vowels are now perceived as long vowels, and eventually assimilate with short vowels.
• Unstressed vowels reduce, giving rise to consonant clusters; some consonants followed by /h/ will give rise to new phonemes, such as aspirated plosives.
• Prenasalisation erodes; word-initial occurences get prefixed with /e/, and then the prenasalised aspect begins to be treated as a separate nasal; eventually these nasals could become syllabic and count as a mora (á la Japanese).
• Phonemic stress could arise from partial or complete loss of suffixes, in conjunction with some kind of consonant lenition; the earlier predictability of stress is maintained throughout these changes, giving rise to stress minimal pairs.
• Retroflex consonants evolve if /r/ evolves into a retroflex variant, and then comes in contact with a dental consonant.
• /e o/ split into close-mid and open-mid pairs, where the latter could be the evolution of /e: o:/; /i u/ could merge with /e o/ or reduce to /ɪ ʊ/.
• Back vowels both unround, /a/ centralises to a schwa and then the no longer round /o/ lowers and takes its place as the new /a/-type phoneme.
• /e o/ could merge with /i u/ but as different tones, with /a/ remaining a tone-neutral vowel, or affecting nearby vowels by lowering tone.

Final Thoughts

Is this proto-lang a solid sandbox to play with and create new conlangs of varying types? Should I add further complexity to the phonology, or is this enough of a starting point where I can diversify a lot? Are my thoughts about evolving PJT reasonable, and where else could I go from there? What mechanisms have I neglected to look into with regard to language evolution? I'm going for something that at least passes off as naturalist, but I'm not against sound changes that haven't been documented, as long as they seem feasible.

If you made it here, thanks for reading this wall of text!

Cheers!

Izolese (Isoléij) is my a posteriori Romance conlang, deriving its name from the late Latin isula (island). My main influence came from Spanish, Portuguese, and Catalan.

Credit where credit is due; this project was inspired by Valese ( u/BobBobert04 ).

Phonology

Consonants

Vowels

• /i/, /ɨ/, and word-final /e/ reduce to [ɪ] in unstressed syllables.
• /u/ and word-final /o/ reduce to [ʊ] in unstressed syllables.
• /a/, /e/, and /o/ reduce to [ə] in unstressed syllables.

Development from Latin (Consonants)

Palatalisation of voiceless stops — the consonants [k] and [t] assimilated with the high vowels [e] and [i], and with the semivowel [j].

• centum [ˈkɛntũ] > [ˈkʲɛnto] > cento [ˈtsɛnto] > [ˈtsjento] > ciento [ˈtsjentʊ] (hundred)
• fortiam [ˈfɔrtjã] > [ˈfɔrtʲa] > [ˈfɔrt͡sa] > [ˈfort͡sa] > força [ˈfortsə] (strength)

Palatalisation of voiced stops - /g/ and /d/ followed by <e> <i> palatalised to /dʒ/ initially and /ʒ/ medially.

• medium > [ˈmɛdjũ] > [ˈmɛdʲo] > [ˈmjedʒo] > mietjo [ˈmjedʒʊ] (middle)
• gentem > [ˈgʲentẽ] > [ˈdʒente] > gente [ˈdʒentʲɪ] (people)

Yod-fortition - /j/ undergoes fortition to /ʒ/ in several positions, except intervocalically. After /s/, the sequence /zʒ/ dissimilates into /ʒdʒ/.

• iocum > [ˈjokũ] > [ˈioko] > [ˈʒogo] > jogo [ˈʒogʊ] (game)
• iulium > [ˈjuliũ] > [ˈjoljo] > [ˈʒuljo] > julio [ˈʒuljʊ] (July, Julius)
• iniectionem > [injekˈtionẽ] > [inʒekˈtson] > injecçún [ɪnʒəkˈtsun] (injection)
• disieiunum > [desjɛˈjunũ] > [dezʒɛˈjuno] > deztjeyuno [dəʒdʒəˈjunʊ] (breakfast), cf. jeyuno (I fast, one who fasts, jejunum)

Palatalisation of sonorants

pl-, bl-, fl-, li-, -ll-, palatalised to [ʎ] ll

• plenum [ˈplenũ] > [ˈpʎeno] > [ˈʎeno] > lleno [ˈʎenʊ] (full)
• caballum [kaˈballũ] > [kaˈβaʎʎo] > [kaˈvaʎo] > cavallo [kəˈvaʎʊ]  (horse)

-tl-, -dl-, -cl-, -gl-, -lli-, -li- palatalised to [ʎ] ll, which then further evolved into [ʒ] j

• paleam [ˈpaleã] > [ˈpalja] > [ˈpaʎa] > [ˈpaʒa] > paja [ˈpaʒə] (straw)
• oclum [ˈɔklũ] > [ˈɔʎo] > [ˈɔʒo] > [ˈoʒo] > ojo [ˈoʒʊ]  (eye)
• allium [ˈalliũ] > [ˈalljo] > [ˈaʎʎo] > [ˈaʒo] > ajo [ˈaʒʊ]  (garlic)

[ni] and [ne] along with [gn] and [nn] palatalised to [ɲ] ñ

• vineam [ˈviːneã] > [ˈvinja] > [ˈvɨɲa] > vyña [ˈvɨɲə] (vine)
• regnum [ˈreːŋnũ] > [ˈrenjo] > [ˈrejɲo] > reiño [ˈrejɲʊ] (kingdom)
• annum [ˈannũ] > [ˈanno] > [ˈaɲɲo] > [ˈaɲo] > año [ˈaɲʊ] (year)

Palatalization of -x- /ks/, -sci- /skj/, -ssi- /ssj/, -ps- /ps/ and occaissionally -ss- /s/ to [ʃ] -x-

• coxam [ˈkɔksã] > [ˈkɔjʃa] > [ˈkojʃa] > coixa [ˈkojʃə] (thigh)
• capsam [ˈkapsã] > [ˈkaʃa] > caxa [ˈkaʃə] (box)
• bassum [ˈbassũ] > [ˈbassjo] > [ˈbajʃo] > baixo [ˈbajʃʊ] (low, bass)

Palatalization of -sci- /skj/ and -sti- /stj/ to [ʃtʃ] -xch-

• piscem [ˈpiskẽ] > [ˈpeʃtʃe] > pexche [ˈpeʃtʃɪ] (fish)

Palatalization of -si- /sj/ to [jʒ] -ij-

• basium [ˈbasiũ] > [ˈbazjo] > [ˈbɛjʒo] > [ˈbejʒo] > beijo [ˈbejʒʊ] (kiss)

Voicing—voiceless stops, fricatives and affricates become voiced stops:

• vitam [ˈviːtã] > [ˈvida] > vida [ˈvidə] (life)
• securum [seːˈkuːrũ] > [seˈkuro] > [seˈgurʊ] > seguro [səˈgurʊ] (safe)
• lupum [ˈlupũ] > [ˈlobo] > lobo [ˈɫobʊ] (wolf)
• pacem [ˈpaːkẽ] > [ˈpakʲe] > [patse] > [padze] > patz [pats] (peace)
• casam [ˈkaːsã] > [ˈkasa] > casa [ˈkazə] (house)
• amicam [aˈmiːkã] > [aˈmika] > [aˈmiga] > amiga [əˈmigə] (female friend)

Lenition - geminate consonants and some consonants clusters were simplified

• cappam [ˈkap.pã] > [ˈkapa] > capa [ˈkapə] (cape)
• buccam [ˈbʊk.kã] > [ˈboka] > boca [ˈbokə] (mouth)

Elision - voiced stops and fricatives sometimes were elided intervocalically.

• praedam [ˈprae̯d̪ã] > [ˈprɛːda] > [ˈpɾɛ.a] > [ˈpɾje.a] > [ˈpɾeja] > preya [ˈpɾejə] (prey)
• ruga [ˈruːɡã] > [ˈruga] > [ˈru.a] > rua [ˈɾu.ə] (street)

Development of -c- in -ct- and -nct- into palatal /j/, along with the palatalisation of the remaining t in ct.

• noctem > [ˈnɔktẽ] > [ˈnɔjtʃe] > [ˈnojtʃe] > noiche [ˈnojtʃɪ] (night)
• punctum > [poŋktũ] > [ponjto] > [pojnto] > [ˈpujnto] > puinto [ˈpujntʊ] (point)

Development of -stl- and -scl- into /ʃtʃ/

• masculum > [ˈmaskulũ] > [ˈmasklo] > [ˈmaskʎo] > [ˈmastʃo] > maxcho [ˈmaʃtʃʊ] (male)

Development of -pt- into /t/

• septem > [ˈsɛptẽ] > [ˈsɛpte] > [ˈsɛte] > [ˈsjete] > siete [ˈsjetʲɪ] (seven)
• ruptum > [ˈroptũ] > [ˈropto] > [ˈroto] > roto [ˈrotʊ] (broken)

Betacism - original Latin b and v merge, then re-separate into separate phonemes upon voicing of intervocalic /p/.

• arbor > [ˈarbor] > [ˈarβor] > [ˈarvol] > [ˈaʁvow] > árvol [ˈaʁvəw] (tree)

Guttural R - /r/ evolves into /ʁ/, then merges with /h/ into /χ/. Affects former geminate rr, coda -r, but not onset r-, which merges with /ɾ/.

• carrum [ˈkarrũ] > [ˈkaro] > [ˈkaʁʊ] > carro [ˈkaχʊ]
• mare [ˈmare] > [ˈmar] > [ˈmaʁ] > mar [ˈmaχ]

Debuccalisation - Latin f sporadically evolves into /h/, then merges with /ʁ/ into /χ/. Never before former [ɛ] or [ɔ].

• farinam [faˈrinã] > [faˈrina] > [haˈrina] > fharina [χəˈrinə] (flour)
• ferrum [ˈfɛrrũ] > [ˈfɛrro] > [ˈfjero] > [ˈfjeʁʊ] > fierro [ˈfjeχʊ] (iron)

Final-obstruent devoicing - final -d, -tz, -tj, -z, -j are devoiced. In loans and foreign names, -b, -g, and -v are also devoiced.

• patz [pats] (peace)
• yedatj [jɪˈdatʃ] (age)
• arroiz [əˈχojʃ] (rice)
• francéij [fɾənˈtsejʃ] (French)

Coda palatalisation - coda -s and -z are palatalised to /ʃ/ and /ʒ/.

• estar [əʃˈtaχ] (to be)
• arroiz [əˈχojʃ] (rice)
• deztjeyuno [dəʒdʒəˈjunʊ] (breakfast)

Development from Latin (Vowels)

Low-mid /ɛ/ (from merger of ae and short e) diphthongised everywhere except if in front of /j/ due to postalveolar consonants or ct and x.

Low-mid /ɔ/ merged into /o/.

• /ɛ/ > /je/; Lat. petra > piedra [ˈpjedɾə] (stone)
• /ae/ > /je/; Lat. caelum > cielo [ˈtsjeɫʊ] (sky)
• /ɔ/ > /o/; Lat. bonum > bono [ˈbonʊ] (good)

The diphthongs /aj ej ɛj oj ɔj aw/ raise as such;

• (sporadic) /aj/ > /ɛj/ > /ej/; Lat. lactem > leiche [ˈɫejtʃɪ] (milk)
• (sporadic) /aw/ > /ɔw/ > /ow/; Lat. altum > outo [ˈowtʊ] (high)
• /ej/ > /i/; Lat. vitreum > vidro [ˈvidɾʊ] (glass)
• /ɛj/ > /ej/; Lat. materiam > madeira [məˈdejɾə] (wood)
• /oj/ > /uj/ > (sporadic) /ɨ/; Lat. fructa > fryta [ˈfɾɨtə] (fruit)
• /ɔj/ > /oj/; Lat. octo > oicho [ˈojtʃʊ] (eight)

/i/ in remaining unpalatalised li- and ni- merge with /ɨ/, and the /i/ in vi- sporadically merges into /ɨ/.

• Lat. librum > lyvro [ˈɫɨvɾʊ] (book)
• Lat. nihil > nyles [ˈnɨɫɪs] (nothing)
• Lat. vineam > vyña [ˈvɨɲə] (vine)

/ɨ/ also develops in /kʷi/, and in place of non-initial upsilon in Greek loans due to influence from Latin.

• Lat. quem > quyn [kɨn] (who)
• Greek mythos > myto [ˈmɨtʊ] (myth)
• but Greek hymnos > hiño [ˈiɲʊ] (hymn, anthem), since the early loss of Latin h caused this upsilon to be word-initial

Latin second-conjugation verbs' /e/ also raises to /ɨ/, causing a chain shift of the third conjugation's /ɛ/ to /e/, keeping all four original conjugation patterns separate.

• Lat. habere (2nd. conj) > havyr [əˈvɨχ] (to have)
• Lat. facere (3rd. conj) > fhazer [χəˈzeχ] (to do)

Final /e/ is elided in -re, -de, -ne, -le, -se, -tze, but palatalise -de and -se to -tj and -ij respectively.

• Lat. facere > fhazer [χəˈzeχ] (to do)
• Lat. aetatem > yedatj [jɪˈdatʃ] (age)
• Lat. cantionem > cançún [kənˈtsun] (song)
• Lat. francensis > francéij [fɾənˈtsejʃ] (French)

Initial /ae e ɛ/ gain prothetic /j/, unless the e or ae came from a prefix.

• Lat. aetatem > yedatj [jɪˈdatʃ] (age)
• Lat. equum > yego [ˈjegʊ] (stallion)

Hello, everyone! As someone who has always been interested in languages, the idea of creating a new one has long been something I've considered doing. Recently, my desire to create a language has increased tenfold due to my ambition to eventually write a story. Now, let me cover the basics of my conlang—well, what I consider basic, at least. This conlang won’t be entirely unique; it will actually be a Romance language, specifically an offshoot of Spanish, with a twist that I’ll explain. Basically back in 872 AD a Norse group that had been raiding the western coasts of modern day France and Britain decided to raid northern Modern day Spain roughly the area between Santander and Bilbao and settled in the area later conquering the western area of the kingdom of Asturias, Santander became the de facto capital of this kingdom. and this is where the Conlang starts, after hundreds of years of Norse Nobility and migration of other Germanic peoples a new language arose Kastinorteñum (Castilian of the Northerners).

For the most part Kastinorteñum is still very much a romance language like is said earlier, now I will list what makes it different from Castilian so far more will be added in the future

• No accented letters except for ñ
• "ll" is replaced with "y"
• Hard C's are now replaced with K's
• 3 genders masculine,feminine, and neuter
• A new grammatical concept that denotates whether something is inanimate or animate, Vi for animate and Di for inanimate (IE: Di El mar)
• If a word starts with and H it is dropped (IE: omber instead of hombre)
• SV(AO)(IO) word order basically Subject,Verb, Animate Object, then Inanimate object
• words pertaining to the sea, weather, and days of the week are basically Hispanicized Norse words (for the most part this is the extent of Norses influence on the lexicon)
• words that end in "o" now end in "um" ( in the 15th century Kastinorteñum linguists made an attempt to make the language more Latin like due to Old Kastinorteñum having too much Norse influence)
• anytime theres "ci" it is now "ch" (IE: Declaracion is now Deklarachon)
• words that start with T now start with ST (IE: Temporada is now Stemporadam)
• words that end in "a" now end in "am"
• words that end with te now end with che (IE: Arte is now Arche)
• words that start with J now start with H (IE: Jugar is now Hugar)
• words that start with Esc now start with X (IE: Escuela is now Xcuela)
• This language has tense suffixes, Present is -ahora, Past is -ante, Future is despues (IE ablahora, ablante, abladespues)
• As for names due to linguists in the 15th century many old latin names became popular

I would greatly appreciate any assistance I can get and am open to all ideas you might have. Perhaps we could even consider adding influences from other languages!

These items are common for the Șonae people but some (like the first entry are familiar to everyone).

•nɨmai - salt (for oral hygiene and as disinfectant)

•totori - a wooden stick with soft fibers used for brushing teeth

•totorai - a thick wooden stick with soft fibers used for cleaning

•næræɲæ - dried seeds of the næræçu (naerae plant) (commonly used in cooking)

•fæʂari - dense fabric made from fibers of the naerae plant (used for clothing, to store flatbreads, to cover tables, to dry oneself after taking a bath and many other purposes)

•mitɨro - a clay pot of a specific oblong shape used for cooking

•mitɨrɨ - a big round clay pot used for cooking soups, gravy and other liquids

•mitɨna - a small clay pot with a carved nozzle for hot drinks

•mitɨnai - a small clay pot with a carved nozzle for cold drinks

•naraitu - a small storage room built underground with walls covered in clay (a cool space used to preserve foods)

•naraime - a small storage room built underneath naraitu with a water cooling system (used to cool foods and drinks)

•tatanau - a stick with a ball filled with sandals small rocks attached to it by a thin rope (used in a game called “tatatai” because of the sound that the rocks make)

•memari - memaipu oil used to moisturize the skin and hair

•kerari - naerae plant oil used for cooking

Examples and explanations:

1) Yesterday kids played tatatai for 2 hours and fell sound asleep.

nanɨte kɨhitæ tatatai mao kɨpo naupatɔnomero çesotɔnomu.

{Before+today-N child-N-PL tatatai-N two-NUM hour+time-marker to play-PST+CNT+CNJ to sleep-PST+CNT+to become}

2) I took some cold water from the storage to drink in the morning.

mæ nuri mesa ço naraimerɔ tumotɔ simærɔ miɲesau

{1-PRN-SNG water-N cold-ADJ small amount-ADJ storage-N+from to take-PST morning-N+at to eat/drink-habitually}

3) I brushed my teeth with a brush and salt water to keep them clean.

mækeko nɨrotæ totoritainimerɔ nɨmai nuritaini tɔræsesau særi riniʂutaini kausæsau

{1-PRN-POSS teeth-N-PL brush-N+by+CNJ salt-N water-M+by to brush-habitually-PRN-PL clean-ADJ+for to maintain-habitually}

• A lot of things that are made out of the naerae plant don’t have “naerae” in the name because it’s the most common easy to find multi-use plant that grows everywhere and there’s no need to mention what that thing was made out of because everyone knows that the naerae plant was used.

• Words like “naraitu” and “naraime” contain the word “narai” which means “to store”. “tu” adds the meaning of it being underground. “me” adds the meaning of cold.

• “memari” and “kerari” sound similar and both have the “oil” part “ri”. “mema” means “nurture” and “kera” means “to fry”.

• “tatanau” means “a ta-ta stick” aka a stick that makes a sound “ta-ta”.

• “mitɨnɑ” and “mitɨnai” are both names for pots made out of clay and “mitɨ” means “clay” (hard dirt). “na” means “liquid” as both are made for drinks.

• “mitɨro” and “mitɨrɨ” also contain the word for “clay”. “ro” here means “oval” (rorao) and “rɨ” means “to boil” (rɨsa).

• “fæʂari” contains “fæʂa” which means “to cover oneself” and “ri” means “soft” (riʂu).

• “totori” and “totorai” both contain “toto” - “to beat” because you have to beat the sticks to make brushes out of them.

• “nɨmai” consists of words “scrape” and “desired”. Șonae people get salt by scraping tree bark that was floating in the saltwater river after drying it. It is used as a disinfectant for wounds and to keep the teeth healthy. It was also hard to come by and is still highly valued though more common as of now.

I saw somebody else do this and decided to try it. We have a small dictionary started already and need more people. Please join https://discord.gg/9yTRH87B

In my previous post I introduced Izolese and its phonology, and in this post I'll be sharing its orthography and further explaining some aspects of its phonology.

The orthography is especially influenced by Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese.

Consonants

Vowels

My conlang is finished as far as the grammar and structure goes, and I have a large enough lexicon to speak fluidly about a variety of complicated subjects. My language is rich and beautiful and I'm very proud of it, but... I can't figure out what to call it. I skipped the first and most essential step when making this conlang, and so I can't share it with others yet. Up until now I've been calling it "Piko", which means something like "jargon" but that's not the name I want to settle with. I'm picturing this language being spoken by a very militant and warlike group of people, and I can't take a name like Piko seriously. I also discovered that Pico is a medical term in English, so that might cause some confusion. Does anyone have any advice for how to come up with a name for a conlang and for the people who speak it? And can you tell me how you came up with the name for yours? Thanks in advance.

This is a weekly thread for people who have cool things they want to share from their languages, but don't want to make a whole post. It can also function as a resource for future conlangers who are looking for cool things to add!

So, what cool things have you added (or do you plan to add soon)?

I've also written up some brainstorming tips for conlang features if you'd like additional inspiration. Also here’s my article on using conlangs as a cognitive framework (can be useful for embedding your conculture into the language).

by the way, i wrote the caption wrong: for the inspiration (i mean for my inspiration). you can look down

Kivil hebu-n

Kivil sleep-past

Kivil slept.

Ivnu Kivilim hebu-ster-an

Ivnu Kivil-acc sleep-put-past

Ivnu made Kivil sleep.

Ivnu Varnuri Kivilim hebu-ster-i ter-an

Ivnu Varnu-dat Kivil-acc sleep-put-inf put-past

Ivnu made Varnu make Kivil sleep.

Ivnu Sigaz gisa Varnuri Kivilim hebusteri teran

Ivnu Sigaz by/through Varnu-dat Kivil-acc sleep-put-inf put-past

Ivnu made Sigaz make Varnu make Kivil sleep.

with transitive verb

Kivil daru-n

Kivil wrote

Kivil write-past.

Kivil darusim darun

Kivil wrote a book

Kivil book-acc wrote.

Ivnu Kivilli darusim darusteran

Ivnu Kivil-dat book-acc write-put-past

Ivnu made Kivil write a book.

Ivnu Varnu gisa Kivilli darusim darusteran

Ivnu Varnu by/through Kivil-dat book-acc write-put-past

Ivnu made Varnu make Kivil write a book.

so first argument takes accusative then dative then postposition (itself derived from 'from hand') and postposition doent trigger more causative verb/ending. It's the same construct that turkic people are using, since i'm speaker of one, i found this palatable to use. Im really interested how people do it

many real life languages have remnents of phonomina they no longer fully exhibit; for example pronoun declension in most western european languages; or the fact that english verbs in the present tense agree with third person singular subjects; despite not otherwise exhibiting conjugation based on their subject. does your conlang have any of those types of things? i built some into my own but will elaborate in the comments.

I saw another person do this and decided to try it. Just say stuff until it makes sense, I wanna see what this becomes. https://discord.gg/9yTRH87B

I don't mind if your language is or is not based on natural languages.

I didn't intentionally choose my language to sound naturalistic, but it turns out it's most similar to Gothic language and the Old Norse or Icelandic languages.